@MSTACE:
with characteristics it isn't possible, but you can achieve what you want if you make the Red ball and Green ball separate products, and create a third product for Both with Red and Green balls as a bundled product.
The bundled product Both will then automatically keep track of the stock of the Red and Green balls. And when someone buys Both, it will also automatically deduct the stock of the Red and Green balls.
So if it's an option for you to change from characteristics to individual products, bundles are quite useful.
Hope that helps.