Hi,
I see two ways to do it:
1. You could keep all the prices to 40, and add either a coupon with a flat amount of -10 and have its "auto load in cart if possible" setting activated, or configure your payment methods or your shipping methods with a $10 extra price to add to the overall.
2. You could change the prices to 50, and have a similar coupons with a flat value of 10 and a minimum quantity of 2, another one with a flat value of 20 and a minimum quantity of 3, etc. The system would then switch the coupons automatically on the cart based on the number of products in the cart.
Option 1 is easier to setup.