Hi,
If you have a custom field of the table "product" and you configure different values for it in different variants of the product in the backend, the system will automatically refresh the displayed value of that custom field on the frontend when you change the variant.
If you're talking about a custom field of the table "item", which you want to be available only for some variants of the product, there is no option to do that. Now, it's not impossible, but it requires to add some custom code. Here is a subject where someone else did it :
www.hikashop.com/forum/product-category-...characteristics.html